Is Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy a New Frontier in HPV-Initiated Head and Neck Cancer?

Дата публикации: 17-09-2026 00:00:00

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), with the programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) inhibitor pembrolizumab now a component of standard-of-care treatment for resectable and recurrent/metastatic (R/M) programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1)–expressing HNSCC. The majority of human papillomavirus (HPV)–initiated (HPV+) head and neck tumors persistently produce viral oncoproteins that would be expected to serve as nonself, tumor-specific antigens to elicit antitumor immune responses. Yet, although the longer natural history of HPV+ HNSCC is reflected in somewhat longer overall survival (OS) for patients with HPV, those with HPV+ cancers appear to derive proportionally similar or lesser benefit from ICI than those with HPV-negative (HPV−) HNSCC.

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